Concepts: e-business
Development
Topics
Our definition of the term e-business is that it is about
building systems, sometimes called business tools, that automate business
processes. In a sense, the business tools are the business and are a way
of differentiating yourself from your competitors. For example, an e-commerce
business tool automates the sales process.
Organizations developing e-business solutions consider business
modeling as a central part of their projects. They use model-based technologies
to develop both rapidly and in a controlled manner. The business and the
business tools that support it are regarded as an integrated whole, and
delivering the right solution requires a much tighter integration of business
process definition and system development than has been needed in the past. Many
more stakeholders are involved in the development of the business tools. Since
the business tools run the business, almost everyone is touched by it in some
way; changes to business processes require changes to the business tools. As an
example, a CEO or marketing director could now be involved in defining the
e-business and its business tools, whereas previously you would typically
involve some level of "business domain expert" who may know how
business is run but who is not empowered to make any decisions about how to
change it.
An e-business development effort is more than just
automating existing processes; it forces some reflection on the nature of the
business and the way it is run. Business modeling and system definition are not
only of interest for people in the Information Technology department, it is of
concern for everyone involved in business development. A project to develop a
new business tool involves people from all parts of the organization, from
executives with the power to make decisions, to grass roots and end users who
feel the consequences of those decisions.
The business tools built under the umbrella of e-business
development can be categorized as follows:
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Customer to business (C2B)—applications that allow you to
order goods over the Internet, such as electronic books stores.
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Business to business (B2B)—application that automate a
supply chain across two companies.
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Business to customer (B2C)—application that provide
information to otherwise passive customers, such as distributing news
letters.
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Customer to customer (C2C)—applications that allow
customers to share and exchange information with little information from the
service provider, such a auctions.
An
e-business development project has many characteristics in common with the
development of any complex information system. These characteristics typically
include:
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Externally imposed rules and regulations,
often of high complexity, such as business rules.
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High complexity in data structures.
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Customer focus.
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Pressed time schedules.
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Performance and reliability of the final
system is a primary concern.
Typical differences in an e-business development
project are:
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More emphasis on business modeling.
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More emphasis on user-interface design.
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Use of e-business enabling technologies to
define the architecture.
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A greater focus on performance testing.
See Roadmap:
Developing e-business Solutions.
Revolutions in
technology lead to new business opportunities and drive changes to business
processes. The e-business concept is one of the more illuminating examples of
this happening. The primary driving technology in this case is the Internet, but
there are also many other technologies needed that are not necessarily specific
to e-business but are important components. Such enabling technologies include [CONA99]:
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Client/server
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Database management
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Programming languages, such as HTML, XML, Java
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Scripted server pages and servlets, such as Microsoft's
Active Server Pages, Java Server Pages
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Object communication protocols, such as OMG's Common Object
Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), the Java standard Remote Method
Invocation (RMI), or Microsoft's Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM)
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Components, such as Microsoft's ActiveX/COM
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Web applications frameworks, such as IBM's WebSphere or
Microsoft's Windows DNA
Defining how to use these technologies is an architectural
concern. See Concepts: Software Architecture.
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© 1987 - 2001 Rational Software Corporation
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